![]() More information is available on the publisher's website. In 2014, he was a research fellow at the DuBois Institute at Harvard University. A native of the Caribbean, he studied in France and the United States. ![]() In 1802, he was exiled to France, dying soon after as one of the most famous men in the world, variously feared and celebrated as the "Black Napoleon." Philippe Girard is a professor of history at McNeese State in Louisiana and the author of four books on Haitian history. Louveture's ascendency was short-lived, however. By 1801, he was general and governor of Saint-Domingue, and an international statesman who forged treaties with Britain, France, Spain, and the United States-empires that feared the effect his example would have on their slave regimes. In 1791, the unassuming Louverture masterminded the only successful slave revolt in history. In Toussaint Louverture, Philippe Girard reveals the dramatic story of how Louverture transformed himself from lowly freedman to revolutionary hero. Philippe Girard is a professor of history at McNeese State in Louisiana and the author of four books on Haitian history. Yet he managed to secure his freedom and establish himself as a small-scale planter. Haiti: The Tumultuous HistoryFrom Pearl of the Caribbean to Broken Nation, 2010, etc.) detailed research on both sides of the Atlantic underpins this fresh portrayal, in which the author successfully dismisses much mythology about who Toussaint Louverture (1743-1803) was, what he stood for, and what. Born into bondage in Saint-Domingue (present-day Haiti), the richest colony in the Western Hemisphere, he witnessed first-hand the torture of the enslaved population. ![]() Toussaint Louverture's life was one of hardship, triumph, and contradiction. ![]()
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